Explainer: The Canadian federal election: what has happened and what's at stake

OTTAWA (Reuters) – Canadians go to the polls on Sept. 20 in an election that Prime Minister Justin Trudeau called two years early, seeking to turn public approval for his handling of the COVID-19 pandemic into a fresh, four-year mandate.

WHY NOW?

Since 2019, Trudeau has only commanded a minority in parliament, leaving him dependent on other parties to govern. Trudeau argues the pandemic has changed Canada like World War Two did and Canadians should now choose who they want to make important decisions for decades to come.

WHAT HAS HAPPENED?

Trudeau has struggled here to explain why an early election during a worsening fourth wave of COVID-19 was a good idea. Conservative leader Erin O’Toole here consistently accuses the Liberal leader of putting Canadians in harm’s way for personal ambition. People also seem to be tiring of Trudeau, who carries the baggage of having governed for six years.

Since Trudeau called the election, his hefty opinion poll lead has vanished: surveys point to a tight race in which he could lose to the opposition Conservatives. Polls:

But steady Conservative gains during the first three weeks seemed to have stopped as Trudeau attacked O’Toole for his opposition to vaccine mandates and his promise – now reversed here – to legalize some assault weapons the Liberals had banned.

WHAT ARE THE MAIN ISSUES?

To tackle the pandemic the Liberals ran up a record national debt of C$1 trillion ($785.7 billion) and pushed budget deficits to highs not seen since World War Two. In the campaign they promised another C$78 billion in new spending over five years.

O’Toole says he will balance the books within a decade without making cuts.

Analysts say financial markets do not appear overly worried about the fiscal implications of either promise although the stocks of bank and insurance firm could suffer after Trudeau promised a new windfall tax on their profits.

VACCINE MANDATES

The Liberal government has introduced COVID-19 vaccine mandates. During the campaign, Trudeau has been abused here and heckled by people opposing the move and says his Conservative rival is taking his cues from the crowds. O’Toole opposes here vaccine mandates, including for his own candidates, and says he prefers frequent testing.

CHILDCARE

Employment of women has plummeted thanks to COVID-19. The Liberals are promising to spend up to C$30 billion over five years to set up a long-promised C$10 a day national childcare here program. The Conservatives say they will cancel those deals and instead offer tax credits of up to C$6,000 a year to help pay for daycare.

HOUSING AFFORDABILITY

Housing prices have soared about 70% since Trudeau took office. He is promising here to build, preserve, or repair 1.4 million homes over the next four years, among other measures. The Conservatives would boost supply here by building a million homes over three years and loosening some mortgage requirements.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Forest fires in western Canada and a drought in crop-growing areas are focusing here attention on climate change. The Liberals promise more aggressive emissions cuts than the Conservatives, who are major advocates of the oil and gas industry.

($1 = 1.2665 Canadian dollars)

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